THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE NINTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE
 ''INVESTMENTS AND ECONOMIC RECOVERy''
Bucharest, MAy 22 - 23, 2009, (Part II)

  

pag. 4	Summary

 

pag. 8	Food industry in the Romanian economic system Authors: VASILESCU  Ion,  BUNGHEZ Lucian
	Abstract: The global economic instability, at international level, but mainly the Romanian economic crisis, has also affected food industry in an alarming way. In this context, the paper approaches several aspects regarding the possibilities food industry can provide in the field of new jobs creation, the demographic policy, the policy of balance of the relationship between generations, the social policies etc. To this effect, a series of possibilities to recover and increase the economic efficiency are suggested, as follows: supporting the reorganization and restructuring of the Romanian companies in the field,  promoting the partnership with managers from countries economically developed, promoting an agro-food industry based on knowledge, drafting some strategic objectives of development both under circumstantial and normal conditions etc. Classification-JEL: L66, E22, D50 Keywords: agro-food economy, economic system, economic instability, economic crisis, economic recovery, efficiency, competitiveness

 

pag. 12	Capital investments in options contracts and straddle contracts Author:  BOTEZATU Mihai
	Abstract From the multitude of variations of capital investment on the capital market, this work cuts two of them namely capital investments in options contracts and capital investments in straddle contracts. A distinct place it occupies in the paper presentation of the operating mechanisms of the two types of investment, so that when any investor will take the investment decision to be about the particularities of the two types of investment and risks associated with the course investments concerned. To highlight the best mechanisms for operating the two types of investment are put into question some concrete examples at the end of which an investor opt for example about the order either of those investment alternatives, the decision of course will be related to the manner in which he will anticipate some perspective on the realities of capital markets. Classification-JEL: G11, G12, G24 Keywords:  options contracts, straddle, shares, the cash

 

pag. 19	The impact of investments in global financial crisis Authors:  DIMITRIU CARACOTA Maria, MIHALAȘCU Ruxandra
	Abstract EThe global financial crisis really started to show its effects in the middle of 2007 and into 2008. Around the world stock markets have fallen, large financial institutions have collapsed or been bought out, and governments in even the wealthiest nations have had to come up with rescue packages to bail out their financial systems. The most important task is to break the spiral of falling asset prices and falling demand and to revive the financial sector's ability to provide credit for productive investment, to stimulate economic growth and to avoid deflation of prices. In this time of global financial crisis and recession it is essential to keep markets open to international trade and investment. The current global financial crisis is probably the most severe for the world's financial system since the Great Depression in 1929. This crisis has gone far beyond the financial sector and has seriously affected the real economy. An ample evidence of its negative impacts on FDI has been observed. Classification-JEL: G32 Keywords: investment risk, mergers

 

pag. 26	Investments and their effects on quality of product and services Authors:  TODORUȚ Amalia Venera , VASILESCU Ion
	Abstract This paper aims to address issues of importance of investments on the quality of products and services in the contemporary economy. The investments have an innovative character due the fact that creates material conditions in order to promote the technology, ensuring the development and improvement of production factors. All these glide, then, for excellence, to the goal to achieve maximum quality in some efficient conditions and settled deadlines. Also, it is presented the production function Cobb-Douglas, as a model of economic growth. Thus Cobb-Douglas function is a mathematical model/pattern expressing the relationship between the results obtained and the main economic factors of production. We exemplified this mathematical model, achieving a case study of Star Glass SA. Classification-JEL: A10, M10, M11, M20, M21 Keywords: investments, quality, competitive, efficiency

 

pag. 32	Factors of access to public health services in Romania Authors:  CICEA Claudiu ,  PiRLOGEA Corina
	Abstract iIn this paper, the authors have proposed to analyze the degree to which population has access to public health services in Romania, through presenting some factors that influence it. The equitable access to a package of basic health services is one of the objectives that the Romanian health system is following, reform which began in 2005 with the adoption of regulatory laws in the sanitary field. One of these laws aims the national health programs, whose progress is contributing to the efficiency of the health field services. Classification-JEL: I10, I18, I19 Keywords: public health, poverty level, medical services, medical-sanitary staff, social insurance, national health programs

 

pag. 40	Modern methods for hedging the market risk Authors:  MIHĂILESCU Laurențiu, POPA Gabriela
	Abstract The 2008 financial crisis is affecting millions of companies (from small ones up to big corporations) and is one of the hottest topics in all TV deadlines and step by step it starts to be part of our daily reality. The daily reality can be called as ''Market instability'': The recent market instability was caused by many factors, chief among them a dramatic change in the ability to create new lines of credit, which dried up the flow of money and slowed new economic growth and the buying and selling of assets. The weapon against market instability is only one and can be defined in generic terms as ''Hedge''. In finance, a hedge is a position established in one market in an attempt to offset exposure to the price risk of an equal but opposite obligation or position in another market — usually, but not always, in the context of one's commercial activity. The study  presents a set of innovative hedging products that can be built based on the instruments traded by commercial banks allowing the customers to hedge efficiently the underlying risks of adverse movements of market parameters (especially FX rate and interest rates). These structures are also more accessible for customers in relationship with the commercial banks than the instruments traded across different stock exchanges. Classification-JEL: G21, G11, G32 Keywords: market risk, hedging, financial crisis, bank, options

 

pag. 46	The effects of global crisis on the Romanian tourism Authors:  ENEA Constanța, TĂNĂSOIU Georgiana Lavinia
	Abstract According to data published by the Statistical Office of the EU, the spread of financial crisis has affected tourism in the EU of course. According to statistics, last year, spent the night in hotels in the EU was 1578 billion, registering a decrease of 0.5% over the previous year. The same number saw an increase of 3.4% in 2007 compared with the previous year and an increase of 2.9% in 2006. If an analysis of different periods, you can see the obvious influence of financial crisis on tourism. Compared to the same period of 2007, between January and April 2008, spent the night in the hotels registered EU increased by 1.6%. This figure decreased by 0.5% between May and August and between September and December when the crisis worsened, this number has dropped drastically  to 3.2%. Classification-JEL:  M21, Z10, Z19 Keywords: global crisis, tourism and economic regression

 

pag. 51	The collapse of Enron, a classic case of corporate social irresponsibility Author:  PETRACHE Ana-Maria
	Abstract Corporate Social Responsibility is an issue that is working its way into many policy debates and corporate agendas. The definition of corporate social responsibility has undergone substantial modifications over time and it is still evolving along with society and society's expectations. There is no globally accepted definition of CSR, nor is there a consensus on a definitive list of the issues it encompasses. It is generally agreed that CSR is neither corporate philanthropy nor strict compliance with the law. However, we can easily identify ''events'' which doesn't fit in the CSR framework. The collapse of energy broker Enron Corp. has been described as the biggest business surprise of the past 10 years. It was a surprise which unexpectedly left 20000 employees in a deeply compromised safety of their pension funds. The concept of CSR is underpinned by the idea that corporations can no longer act as isolated economic entities operating in detachment from broader society. Traditional views about competitiveness, survival and profitability are being swept away. The increasingly negative and very pervasive impact of global corporations in all aspects of social life and in the environment has been the catalyst in the emergence of a diversity of stakeholders demanding accountability about the impact of corporate activity in the whole aspects of its influence. Classification-JEL: M14, K22 Keywords: corporate social responsibility, irresponsibility, ethical leadership, Enron

  

pag. 58	The role of the unexpired risk reserves and outstanding loss reserves in general insurance business Authors: PaRȚACHI Ion, VEREJAN Oleg, BRADU Marcel, VEREJAN Victoria
	Abstract The intent of this article is to introduce the topic of both Unexpired Risk Reserve and loss Reserving, especially of the Incurred but not reported reserves (IBNR). We will focus on the purpose, common definitions and basic principles. We will explore the common techniques used by practicing actuaries in estimating of Unexpired Risk Reserve and loss reserves. Unexpired Risk Reserve is the present value of loss and expense payments to be provided for by premiums covering the period from the valuation date to expiry on all contracts in force on the valuation date. A loss reserve is a provision for an insurer's liability for claims. Loss reserving is a major challenge to the casualty actuary because the estimation process involves not only complex technical tasks but considerable judgment as well. This are a critical point, as the actual financial reserves in the accounts has a direct impact on shareholder's equity, solvency, and also on underwriting profit. Classification-JEL: L66, E22, D50 Keywords: reserves for unexpired risks, equalization loss reserves, outstanding loss reserves, IBNR, claim rate, average cost per claim method, run-off triangle

 

pag. 67	The impact of international financial crisis on foreign direct investments flow in the Republic of Moldova Authors:  LUCHIAN Ivan, CIOBU Stela, SLONOVSCHI Dumitru
	Abstract: During the last years the Republic of Moldova becomes to be more and more integrated to the international investments market. The investment flows in the Republic of Moldova is taking the form of foreign direct investments. The international flows of FDI are decreasing in 2008 due to the effects of international financial crisis, in comparison with the period 2004 - 2007 when it was resisted an increasing trend.  In the same time, the purpose of the present article is to present the trends and particularities of FDI in the Republic of Moldova. Classification-JEL: D92, F21 Keywords: iforeign direct investments, international investment market, investment climate, investment process, investment flows, joint venture enterprises, offer and demand of FDI

 

pag. 74	Analysis of the investment's opportunity in the frame of the decisional process Author:  ȚURLEA Carmen
	Abstract In a dynamic competitive economy the investment option supposes the selection of the investment projects upon different criteria. The investments' typology directly determines the investment decision and, implicitly, these option criteria. Classification-JEL:  M21 Keywords: investments, criteria, decision, productivity, efficiency

 

pag. 78	Investment opportunities in infrastructure regardless of financial crisis Author:   ILIE Georgeta
	Abstract During these times of dramatic change and financial market disorder, the challenge of infrastructure development is being drawn more into the highlight. Infrastructure will be rising in importance over the next years. The availability and quality of infrastructure directly affect where business operations are located and expanded. In this context, roads and power generation are the most urgent infrastructure needs. The paper reveals a few economic characteristics of current stage of infrastructure, the future role of infrastructure in business competitiveness, availability of infrastructure as a critical issue for businesses, infrastructure investment problems go further than the financial crisis in progress, sectorial approach, partnership between state and private sector in infrastructure projects, infrastructure investment needs in Central and Eastern Europe region, and a few aspects about infrastructure investments in Romania. Classification-JEL: G01, H54, G11 Keywords: infrastructure development, investment, economic global slowdown

 

pag. 85	The relations between incomes flows, expences flows, result flows- flows of cash, flows of money, cash - flow in the process of the accesion the complementary founds (EFARD) Author:  NECULAI Cristina
	Abstract The achievement of a project of investments in agriculture, through the utilization of  the financial instrument European Fund for Agriculture and Rural Development means the calculation and the analysis of some obligatory indicators. These indicators of the economical efficiency of investments  are calculated on the basis of some flows, such as: incomes flows, expences flows, result flows, flows of cash, flows of money,  cash - flow. In this paper we consider, the presentation of the relations between the flows mentioned above is necessary because, the economic efficiency of investments is determined on the base the economic contents and the relation between the flows. Classification-JEL: G11, M21 Keywords: incomes flows, expences flows, result flows,  flows of cash, flows of money,  cash - flow

 

pag.  91	Strategies to increase economic efficiency through investment activities in mountain tourism Author: SAVIN Emanoil
	Abstract On national plan, tourism is, in the current period, one of the areas that can provide regional and country, a profitable and economic development. Natural and anthropogenic potential which Romania has is necessary to be properly exploited, providing promotion and development of investment programs, able to attract a large number of tourists. The project is presenting a series of specific mountain tourism development through investment programs focused on strategic quality tourism services and protect the natural environment. Classification-JEL: L83 Keywords: investments, mountain tourism, efficiency

 

pag. 96	The efficiency of investments in logistic spaces in Romania Authors: ȚARȚAVULEA Ramona Iulia,  BĂNACU Cristian Silviu
	Abstract Logistics management has always been critical for business competitiveness. Companies are trying to make their activity more efficient by reducing costs for storing and transportation. Also they want to be able to respond more rapidly to customer needs by implementing a delivery system that can satisfy effectively the request in the market. One solution for solving these issues with minimum capital investments is outsourcing of logistic activities, that means transportation services and warehousing. This material aims to analyze the Romanian market for transportation and warehousing services, the main companies and their strategies and future trends of the market. Classification-JEL:  M16, M29, L91 Keywords: logistics, efficiency, transportation, warehousing

 

pag. 103	A mathematical estimate within economic discounting computations Author:  CIOLAC Camelia Elena
	Abstract The paper aims to evaluate the opportunity of using mathematic estimation models within economic discounting computation. Several approximation models from the numerical methods theory will be considered in order to determine the evolution trend for investment projects' economic indicators. The paper has a rather theoretical framework and aims to identify new ways of improving existing techniques. Classification-JEL:  H43, C02 Keywords: update, discount rate, numerical methods, interpolation

 

pag. 109	Investments in education - an imperative objective for Europe Authors: IONIȚĂ Ion,  IATAGAN Mariana
	Abstract The increase of competitiveness through education-research-development, the demand for more, better jobs, the assurance of a sustainable development are the results of the investments made in education and development. However, we believe that the investments made in education can only get efficiently anchored in the European context, as the Communication of the Economic and Social Committee to the European Parliament, the Council, the Economic and Social European Committee, the Regions Committee regarding the fully promotion of the youth's participation in education provide. The stipulations of the communicational assent mention that the investment programmes must be aimed at the achieving of necessary reforms in key fields, such as curricular fields, quality assurance and qualification acknowledgement. Those who invest in education and training - the state, the local communities, the organizations and the people that are not aware of the European dimensions of the decisions they make, will have to deal with a low efficiency of their investment. Classification-JEL:  I22 Keywords: education, finance, investment, reform, quality assurance

 

pag. 116	Managing issues in risk assessment in auditing process Author:  MEDINȚU Daniela
	Abstract: The paper intends to present some aspects of evaluating various dimensions of risks as they are necessary to be estimated in the auditing process. The definitions for audit are used to emphasize on the nature of the evidence data and the input information for conducting such an audit. Then, a short characterization of the evaluation of risk and a prioritization procedure are described. Classification-JEL:  M42, G32 Keywords: auditing process, risk assessment, prioritization procedure

 

pag. 126	Project resources leveling using software agents Authors:  BODEA Constanta-Nicoleta, SABĂU Mirela
	Abstract Different approaches to project planning and scheduling have been developed. The Operational Research (OR) approach provides two major planning techniques: CPM and PERT. Artificial Intelligence (AI) initially promoted the automatic planner concept. In order to plan a project, the automatic application of predefined operators is required. However, most domains are not so easily formalized in the form of predefined planning operators. The paper focus is on the agent-based approach to project planning and scheduling, especially in Resource Leveling issues. The authors have developed and implemented the ResourceLeveler system, an agent-based model for leveling project resources. The objective of Resource Leveler is to find a scheduling of resources similar to the optimal theoretical solution which takes into consideration all constraints stemming from the relationships between projects, activity calendars, resource calendars, resource allotment to the activities and resource availability. ResourceLeveler was developed in C# as a plug-in for Microsoft Project. Classification-JEL:  O22, D44, D00 Keywords: project management, agent-based models, artificial intelligence, project resource leveling.

 

pag. 132	The necessity of amplifying the environmental standards within industrial parks in Romania Authors:  CIOBOTARU Virginia, VIȘAN Sanda, SOCOLESCU Ana-Maria, ȚĂPURICĂ Oana - Cătălina, TACHE Florin
	Abstract The more and more frequent relocation of industrial companies within industrial parks, as a consequence of amplifying the urban areas' environmental regulations, is due to generate uncontrollable pollution centers, placed just nearby towns and cities, with highly destructive impact upon the environment. This article aims to emphasize a new methodology for approaching the economic activities, within industrial parks, in an ecologic manner. Also, the article underlines sustainable advantages outcoming from promoting the development of ecological-based economic activities within each company located in a certain industrial park. Classification-JEL: Q57, R11 Keywords:  ecology, environmental law, environmental protection, environmental standards, industrial parks, methodology, pollution

 

pag. 139	The economic valorization of local resources - solution of diminish the effects of global crises (case study - Bacau County) Author: STOICA Maricica
	Abstract The current crisis requires us to become aware that the only economic-social development way is the sustainable one, meaning the one that takes into account the limits of the natural environment. A healthy economy cannot develop in a polluted and degraded environment, with a population which is poor, ill and stressed by natural and pollution risks. The crisis should be counteracted by rational sustainable investments, which should offer long term economic stability. The implementation of the investments proposed will be able to be made by using the local labour force, including the socially assisted people and attracting European money-Structural Funds-Operational Programmes. In the long run, such development focused on the capacity to produce and support the natural capital, will lead to the decrease in the damages to the environment, and in the local or central budgetary expenditure and to a stable autochthonous economy. Classification-JEL: Q56 , Q51,  M21 Keywords:  global crises, investments, resources, ecosystems

 

pag. 144	Aspects of the collaborating enviroment integration in the SME-s activity in the context of the economic globalization Authors:  DOBREA Cătălin , CIOCOIU Nadia, ȘTEFĂNESCU Andrea Nicoleta
	Abstract The actual social-economic context determined major changes and transformations in the strategically and operational plan at the economic system and organization level. The major actual concern regards working capital insurance necessary on a short and medium period, the market quota maintenance and the definition of some strategies capable to ensure acceptable profitability levels. In the context of the expenses structure optimization, at the SME-S level a possible solution regards the integration of some working collaborating media, capable to answer the various requests in a corresponding time period. The present paper analyses a part of the implementation aspects of such systems at the SME-S level, in the context of the economic globalization. Classification-JEL: O12 Keywords: collaborative environment, SME-s, globalization

 

pag. 152	Romania's integration in the European Union and the absorption of structural funds Authors:  NICOLESCU Ovidiu,  CEPTUREANU Sebastian
	Abstract Romania's integration in European Union brought both advantages and disadvantages for local entrepreneurs. The current paper presents the results of a comprehensive study regarding several thousand Romanian SMEs on an important issue: absorption of structural funds Classification-JEL: F21, F36, L74, L25, L26 Keywords: structural funds, SME, European Union

 

pag. 159	Project manager's pocket guide Authors: CARAGEA Codin, POPA Gabriela, MIHĂILESCU Laurențiu
	Abstract Today, organizations are becoming leaner, extra layers of middle managers are requiring specialists from marketing, engineering, accounting, and other departments to work together in ad-hoc project teams. Having no full-time, dedicated managers, these teams are often led by one of these specialists who may excel at his or her specialty, but does not necessarily have management experience. Typically, such team leaders must simultaneously make project contributions in their specialty while they try to manage the project. These ''instant'' project managers need help defining the project; initiating, planning, executing, and controlling project events; and figuring out how to bring project events to a timely conclusion. And they can't stop working for the many weeks it would take to acquire extensive management training. Classification-JEL: G21, M15, M19 Keywords: project, project team, project management, project cycle, project plan, key success indicators, quality, deliverable, deadlines, communication, feedback, scope.

 

pag. 167	The urban system in Romania Author:  ALPOPI Cristina
	Abstract A characteristic of the Romanian urban system has been the alternation of the periods of order and turbulence. Order is dominant in the short term but over the longer term is no absolute stability in the dynamics of the city. Instability, at the urban system level, is determined by the dynamic relationship between cities which upset the local, regional and national hierarchies, producing a disorder similar to the turbulence and even chaos. Thus the evolution of the urban system in Romania in the last decades has seen the alternation of periods of stability and instability, even if on the whole there is a relatively constant hierarchy and configuration at different levels. Thus the new national urban system is the result of a chain of fluctuation affecting the inner evolutions of each city, and the categories of cities as a whole. Classification-JEL: O18 Keywords: urban system, urbanization, evolution, stability, instability

 

pag. 172	Casting with polystyrene pattern Author: CUCULEANU Georgeta
	Abstract In the paper the essence of the evaporative pattern casting process, its technical and economic effects in comparison with classical casting process are presented. The new directions of research in connection with it that shall determine its technological improvements are also presented. Classification-JEL: O14 Keywords: casting, polystyrene pattern, expanded, evaporative moulding

 

pag. 177	Managerial performance and benchmarking method in public utilities services field Author: SABIE (ABĂLUȚĂ) Oana
	Abstract Measuring performance of public institutions or the provision of public services is one of the most frequently cited objectives of any reform program or strategy for public administration. The utility of such an approach seems to be doubtless, but the practice is so difficult, that the objective remains at the status of goal in most of the situations. However, policy makers, those who develop policies, civil society and even citizens are re-taking the issue with stubbornness, even more mobilized with each failure, to show that this commendable approach of quantifying the results and possibly the impact of the used resources to produce a good public is possible. Classification-JEL: L97, L38 Keywords: benchmark, public utilities, public services, performance indicators

 

pag. 184	Health care system - concept and importance Author: BUȘU Cristian
	Abstract Health care systems are designed to meet the health care needs of target populations. There are a wide variety of health care systems around the world. In some countries, the health care system has evolved and has not been planned, whereas in others a concerted effort has been made by governments, trade unions, charities, religious, or other coordinated bodies to deliver planned health care services targeted to the populations they serve. In Romania in 2001 health expenditures were equal to 6.5 percent of gross domestic product. In 2005 there were 1.9 physicians and 7.4 hospital beds per 1,000 people. The system has been funded by the National Health Care Insurance Fund, to which employers and employees make mandatory contributions. Private health insurance has developed slowly. Because of low public funding, about 36 percent of the population's health care spending is out-of-pocket. Classification-JEL: I11, I12 Keywords: health care, finances, insurance, hospital care, investments efficiency

 

pag. 190	Indicators characterizing the investment in health system Authors: CEPTUREANU  Sebastian, CEPTUREANU Eduard
	Abstract Investment process in the health sector presents some peculiarities because the purpose of investment is not economic one that could be evaluated in terms of benefits or value-added growth, but is a social little more difficult to assess quantitative. In these circumstances, the classic effect / effort must be approached in terms of need / effort. Classification-JEL: I18, H75 Keywords: health system, investments

 

pag. 196	Geographical data management in GIS systems Authors:  DOBRICĂ Liliana, COLESCA Sofia Elena
	Abstract By the specific data and functions the geographic information system is an indispensable tool used in urban management from the perspective of a decision support system. Processing and synthesizing information from the spatial database provides necessary indices and indicators for understanding urban situation, which in relation with analysis and simulation applications give support for a short, medium and long term urban planning, and at the same time allows useful spatial views for understanding by the urban non-specialists of the necessary spatial elements  for decision-making process. Classification-JEL: L86, M15 Keywords:  GIS, spatial planning, simulation applications

 

pag. 208	Electronic commerce - the concurrent  of traditional shops in Romania Author: SĂSEANU Andreea Simona
	Abstract Almost unknown to the large public two decade ago, Internet became today one of the main way of communication and information of modern world. The number of users grows at a rapid pace, and in Romania there are over 5 millions of users. Undoubtedly, Internet has in present an extraordinary impact on business world. This is due of the obvious advantages both for merchants and for buyer, comparative with traditional commerce, electronic commerce becoming an important factor to succeed in business in XXI century. Electronic commerce is in continuous development both concerning the relation between economic agents (B to B), and concerning the relation between seller and final customer (B to C). Classification-JEL: L81, L86 Keywords: Internet, virtual shop, modern commerce, traditional shop, electronic commerce

 

pag. 214	The Balanced Scorecard: translating strategy into results Author:  POPA A. Simona
	Abstract In the paper it is shown that the Balanced Business Scorecard (BSC) allows a balance between financial and non financial objectives and performs a quantification of the dimensions of strategy in four areas - financial, customers, processes and potential. Moreover, the BSC provides feedback on internal processes and external outcomes in order to improve further the performance and results in terms of strategy. When the Balanced Scorecard is implemented effectively, can transform strategic planning from an academic exercise in the central nervous of the entire company. Classification-JEL: O21 Keywords: strategy, financial objectives, non financial objectives, Balanced Business Scorecard, performance measurement

 

pag. 218	The management of waste from electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) in the European Union Author:  TaRȚIU Valentina Elena
	Abstract Worldwide, WEEE constitutes one of the fastest growing  waste fractions generated, accounting for 8% of all municipal waste. This trend increases the environmental burdens consequently action on WEEE is an urgent need in nowadays. The paper outline the current status of the management of the WEEE across the European Union. Classification-JEL: Q53, Q56 Keywords: waste from electrical and electronic equipment, WEEE Directive, the responsibility principle

 

pag. 223	Evolution of complex sales in the service system Authors:  LUPU Adrian Gelu ,  LUPU Felicia Adriana
	Abstract Product sales, together with their specific services, are considered to have a complex nature. The services that can be provided are very diverse, and can be differentiated according to several criteria. In the merchandise sale domain, the sales associated to services define the merchandise distribution activity. The increase of the quality of merchandise distribution services generates the efficiency of the offer of the distribution company and increases the client satisfaction degree. The objective of this study is to present the evolution in time of the distribution activity, on one hand, and on the other, to point out the main current tendencies of merchandise distribution and sales activity accompanied by services considering the improvement of their quality. Classification-JEL:  M10, M13, M21 Keywords: sales, service system, training, market, distributionie

 

pag. 230	Marketing environment of public service organizations Author: ALEXANDRU Gheorghe
	Abstract Public service organizations operate in an environment in which there exist the features of marketing, materialized through interdisciplinary nature, unity in diversity and high degree of complexity. To study the market, the specialists of public organizations use general methods of marketing and service techniques. The most important techniques aiming task organization, regulation and market positioning of public services that are the main components of strategic marketing. Classification-JEL:  M31, L32 Keywords:  marketing of services, market of services, public services

 

pag. 235	International standards - vector for good practices in broadcasting organizations in Romania Author:  GHERGHEL Monica
	Abstract Joining the professional standards (financial audit, evaluation etc.) - required - with the ISO management standards (quality, environment, occupational safety and health, etc.) - considered voluntary - support organizations in meeting mandatory requirements and market penetration. Fulfilling the standards, the organizations can develop an effective strategy to reduce costs and enhance business reputation. Classification-JEL: M11, M42, O 12, O21 Keywords: standard, performance, procedure, monitoring, financial audit

 

pag. 241	The cultural, social and economic evolution in Romania during 2004-2007 Authors:  TUDOR Eugeniu,  MUNTEANU Sebastian Mădălin
	Abstract The scope of this article is to present how the Romania's counties evolved, relying on certain main indicators meant to find the level of cultural, social and economic development for the period 2004-2007. As three aspects considered as ''hidden'' factors are to be analyzed by several descriptor variables conducting to a large initial space, we shall proceed to compressing of information by using the technique of dimensionality reduction followed by a differentiation among the Romanian territorial-administrative units on grounds of the new found variables. The formation set comprises information related to a number of 20 variables registered at the level of Romania's counties for the period 2004-2007. Classification-JEL:  C02 Keywords: principal component analyses, classifier, training set, discriminant variable